منابع مشابه
Germ Layers
A germ layer is a group of cells in an embryo that interact with each other as the embryo develops and contribute to the formation of all organs and tissues. All animals, except perhaps sponges, form two or three germ layers [6]. The germ layers [6] develop early in embryonic life, through the process of gastrulation [7]. During gastrulation [7], a hollow cluster of cells called a blastula [8] ...
متن کاملGerm Layers
A germ layer is a group of cells in an embryo that interact with each other as the embryo develops and contribute to the formation of all organs and tissues. All animals, except perhaps sponges, form two or three germ layers [6]. The germ layers [6] develop early in embryonic life, through the process of gastrulation [7]. During gastrulation [7], a hollow cluster of cells called a blastula [8] ...
متن کاملTetraploid Embryonic Stem Cells Maintain Pluripotency and Differentiation Potency into Three Germ Layers
Polyploid amphibians and fishes occur naturally in nature, while polyploid mammals do not. For example, tetraploid mouse embryos normally develop into blastocysts, but exhibit abnormalities and die soon after implantation. Thus, polyploidization is thought to be harmful during early mammalian development. However, the mechanisms through which polyploidization disrupts development are still poor...
متن کاملOriginal Articles Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Embryoid Bodies Comprising the Three Embryonic Germ Layers
rived from totipotent cells of the embryo and therefore, can serve as a putative source of numerous types of differentiated cells. Of the various ES cell lines, murine (mES) cells have been investigated extensively and were shown to be genuinely pluripotent, being able to differentiate into all embryonic cell types (1,2). The multipotency of embryonic stem cells is evident from three main featu...
متن کاملGeneration of organized germ layers from a single mouse embryonic stem cell
Mammalian inner cell mass cells undergo lineage-specific differentiation into germ layers of endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm during gastrulation. It has been a long-standing challenge in developmental biology to replicate these organized germ layer patterns in culture. Here we present a method of generating organized germ layers from a single mouse embryonic stem cell cultured in a soft fibrin ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Developmental Cell
سال: 2011
ISSN: 1534-5807
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.04.005